Reivindicaciones

1. Active enclosure for use in buildings comprising two transparent or translucent panes fixed to a frame that build up a chamber (1) through which a liquid flows in closed circuit and frees or absorbs energy from the outer and inner environments, characterised in that it further includes a hydrostatic pressure reducer device (4) connected to the chamber (1) through a perforation (9) and which houses a water column (10) whose height is optimized to minimize the displacements, and consequently the stresses, of the transparent or translucent panes. 2. Active enclosure of claim 1, characterised in that said closed circuit consists of a liquid chamber (1) fed through the inlet holes (6) of a distributor (5), a collector (8) that gathers the liquid coming from the chamber through the outlet holes (7) and whose exit is connected to a circulation pump (3), a heat exchanger (2) fed by the circulation pump and whose outlet is connected to the distributor (5). 3. Active enclosure of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that said enclosure can be placed horizontally for its use in glass roofs or false ceilings in buildings, in which case the hydrostatic pressure reducer device (4) can be omitted. 4. Active enclosure of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that said enclosure can be used as interior partitions for the climatization and luminic control of the interior of the building. 5. Active enclosure of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that said enclosure comprises a double glass insulating unit with a gas chamber (11) instead of the transparent pane in contact with the outer environment in order to improve the insulation. 6. Active enclosure of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that said enclosure comprises a double transparent pane joined together with a colored Poly Vinyl Butyral layer (12) instead of one of the transparent panes in order to control passively the illumination of the building. 7. Active enclosure of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that said enclosure comprises a liquid whose color and transparency can be regulated with the aim of controlling actively the illumination of the building.