Resumen
The present invention relates to a sustainable plaster-based composite material with graphene, a shielding panel comprising it, and a method of manufacturing, wherein the plaster-based composite material is characterized in that it comprises a curable matrix comprising, in an integrated manner: plaster powder comprising at least 90% gypsum, graphene (GNF), and water; wherein the mass ratio of graphene to plaster is in the range of 0.01 - 0.05 (m/m); wherein the mass ratio of water to plaster is in the range of 0.7 - 0.8 (m/m); and wherein the composite material has an apparent density, in the hardened state, between 700 and 1100 kg/m3 , measured at 23 °C according to standard UNE-EN 13279-2:2014. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
Reivindicaciones
1. CLAIMS 1. Plaster-based composite material characterized in that it comprises a curable matrix comprising, in an integrated manner: plaster powder comprising at least 90% gypsum, graphene (GNF) and water; where the mass ratio of graphene to plaster is in the range 0.01 – 0.05 (m/m); where the mass ratio of water to plaster is in the range of 0.7 – 0.8 (m/m); and where the composite material has an apparent density, in the hardened state, between 700 and 1100 kg/m³, measured at 23°C according to standard UNE-EN 13279-2:2014. 2. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the graphene (GNF) is arranged in the form of nanofibers. 3. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the graphene nanofibers have a specific surface area between 70-100 m²/g. 4. The composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composite material has: • a flexural strength greater than 2 MPa, preferably in the range 2 – 3.5 MPa, obtained in accordance with standard UNE-EN 13279-2:2014, and • a compressive strength greater than 3 MPa, preferably in the range 3 – 6 MPa, obtained in accordance with the UNE-EN 13279-2:2014 standard. 5. The composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the material has a thermal conductivity greater than 0.10 W/mK, preferably in the range 0.18 – 0.25 W/mK. 6. The composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composite material has an effective atomic number (Zₑ<ff>) of 12–15 in the Compton range 100–3000 keV. 7. The composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the curable matrix of the composite material further comprises a reinforcing mesh. 8. Armor panel characterized in that it comprises an armor layer (1) that is manufactured from the composite material according to any of claims 1–7. 9. The panel according to claim 8, wherein the shielding layer (1) has a thickness (E) less than or equal to 30 mm. 10. The panel according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the shielding layer (1) has a length (L) in the range 600 – 1200 mm. 11. A method for manufacturing a composite material according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the steps: • Mechanically mix graphene with plaster powder for 10-15 minutes at 300-500 rpm, obtaining a homogeneous dispersion; • Add mixing water to the homogeneous dispersion, with a water/gypsum ratio of 0.7 – 0.8 (m/m), obtaining a curable plaster-based matrix; and • cure the curable matrix, by controlled drying for 24 – 48 hours, resulting in a composite material. 12. The manufacturing method according to claim 11, wherein the method further comprises kneading the plaster-based matrix prior to curing. 13. The manufacturing method according to claim 12, wherein the kneading comprises: • A first kneading in circular movements for 20-40 seconds, • Rest for 1-2 minutes, and • A second kneading in figure-eight motions for 20-40 seconds.
