Resumen
The invention relates to a fibre-metal hybrid laminate material for shipbuilding, which is formed by alternating sheets of steel and a composite material with a glass-fibre-reinforced polymer matrix. The performance of the end product is improved owing to the combination of the aforementioned materials, the positioning and precise orientation of each layer, the connection between the different layers with elastic structural adhesives and the assembly of the panels. In addition to being lighter, the resulting material is more resistant, durable and secure and can be customised in order to meet the specific requirements of each area of the structure. The associated modular production method can be adapted to both flat and curved geometries.
Reivindicaciones
1. Fibre-metal hybrid laminated material for its use in naval construction and marine devices, that is alternately comprised of steel and compound material with vinylester or polyester matrix and fibreglass reinforcement, situating the steel sheet on the outside layers of the laminate and the compound material in the interior, and introducing an elastic-type adhesive between the exterior steel layers and the first layers of compound laminated material on the steel. 2. Fibre-metal hybrid laminated material, as in claim 1, characterised because intermediate layers of steel can be added between layers of the compound material. 3. A fibre-metal hybrid laminated material, as in claims 1 and 2, characterised because the fibreglass reinforcement used in the compound material can be used in the form of fabric, in a single direction or both directions combined. 4. A fibre-metal hybrid laminated material, as in claims 1 to 3, characterised because the adhesive used, in the preferred execution, is a polyurethane bi-component. 5. A manufacturing process of the material of the above claims that is comprised of the following stages: a. the steel surface is prepared by means of commercial chemical treatment, for the application of adhesives, applying a layer of primer on the internal surface of the first steel sheet, b. a layer of elastic-type adhesive is applied on the interior part of the first steel sheet and then the material compound of polymeric resin and fibreglass reinforcement are laminated, moving each layer in order to form a profile in a staircase shape, being able to introduce intermediate steel laminates between the compound material, c. the last steel sheet, with primer and adhesive on the inside surface, is then placed, applying pressure to compact the layers and the laminate is left to dry, d. elastic adhesive is applied on the staircase perimeter and a panel is assembled with the contiguous panel, fitting the steps together, e. the external connections of the steel sheets are sealed, above and below. 6. The process of claim 5 characterised because the steel sheets are cut and shaped by plastic distortion in order to give them the curvature that is required for each panel, flat or curved, in order to be used as moulds on which the compound material is laminated. 7. The processes of claims 5 and 6 characterised because each steel sheet is moved horizontally and vertically with respect to the compound material that it has below in order to form a staircase profile in each of the four borders of the panels of fibre-metal hybrid material, that will later be assembled with other panels by means of overlapping and gluing these staircase borders, with the dimensions of the steps being between 2 and 20 centimetres. 8. The processes of the claims 5 to 7 characterised, in the preferred execution, by the use of a polyurethane mono-component adhesive for the assembly of the panels. 9. The processes of claims 5 to 8 characterised because the sealing of the lengthwise and crosswise external union lines of the panels of the fibre-metal hybrid material is done either by beads of polymeric sealant or by welding beads with or without contribution of material. 10. Use of the laminated material and of the process described in the previous claims for their use in the techniques for constructing ship structures and marine devices.
