Reivindicaciones

1. An in vitro method for detecting cancer in a subject, comprising: (a) quantifying the tumoral carbohydrate Ca10 (Ca10) levels in a biological sample isolated from the subject; and (b) comparing the Ca10 levels obtained in step (a) with a control level, Wherein if the Ca10 levels in the subject are increased with respect to the control levels, then the subject suffers from cancer. 2. An in vitro method for predicting the clinical outcome of a subject suffering from cancer, or for monitoring the treatment of a subject suffering from cancer, comprising (a) quantifying the tumoral carbohydrate Ca10 (Ca10) levels in a biological sample isolated from the subject; and (b) comparing the Ca10 levels obtained in step (a) with a control level, Wherein if the Ca10 levels in the subject are increased with respect to the control level, then - the clinical outcome of the subject is negative and either the subject is going to suffer from metastasis or the tumoral mass is going to increase; or - the treatment is not effective. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cancer is a carcinoma or an adenocarcinoma. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cancer is prostate cancer, cervix cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, endometrial cancer, skin cancer, thyroid cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, lever cancer, esophageal cancer, or colorectal cancer. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the biological sample is blood, serum, plasma, pleural liquid, bronchioalveolar liquid, peritoneal liquid, faeces, urine, sputum or tissue biopsy specimens. 6. Use of a kit for detecting cancer in vitro, or for predicting in vitro the clinical outcome of a subject suffering from cancer, or for monitoring in vitro the treatment of a subject suffering from cancer, wherein the kit comprises elements for quantifying the Ca10 levels in a biological sample of a subject. 7. Use of a kit for detecting cancer in vitro, or for predicting in vitro the clinical outcome of a subject suffering from cancer, or for monitoring in vitro the treatment of a subject suffering from cancer, according to claim 6, wherein the cancer is a carcinoma or an adenocarcinoma. 8. Use of a kit for detecting cancer in vitro, or for predicting in vitro the clinical outcome of a subject suffering from cancer, or for monitoring in vitro the treatment of a subject suffering from cancer, according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the cancer is prostate cancer, cervix cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, endometrial cancer, skin cancer, thyroid cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, lever cancer, esophageal cancer, or colorectal cancer. 9. Use of a kit for detecting cancer in vitro, or for predicting in vitro the clinical outcome of a subject suffering from cancer, or for monitoring in vitro the treatment of a subject suffering from cancer, according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the biological sample is blood, serum or plasma pleural liquid, bronchioalveolar liquid, peritoneal liquid, faeces, urine, sputum or tissue biopsy specimens 10. Use of a kit for detecting cancer in vitro, or for predicting in vitro the clinical outcome of a subject suffering from cancer, or for monitoring in vitro the treatment of a subject suffering from cancer, according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the elements are antibodies, or a fragment thereof, peptides or aptamers, all of them with affinity for Ca10.