madrid2i

Resumen

[0001] This invention refers to a filtering system for water and other liquids, which includes different filtering stages in the same element, with its cleaning being done automatically by a new procedure. [0002] The filtering system is comprised of a cylindrical outer casing with the pipe of the water to be filtered penetrating tangentially through its base, using centrifugal force in the first filtering stage to separate the particles with greater density. Then the liquid takes a helicoidal path and passes through different filtering devices, such as mesh, rings, etc., with the filtered and, therefore, clean water finally being collected in an appropriately perforated central pipe that comes out of the filter through the centre of its lower base. [0003] The system is used for the cleaning of liquids, basically water, in agriculture for localised irrigation, in industry, environment, etc.

Reivindicaciones

1. Liquid filtering system characterized by being comprised of the following essential parts: • A vertical cylindrical outer casing in whose interior are housed the filtering elements necessary to eliminate the solid impurities in different successive phases. • A pipe that penetrates tangentially through the lower base of the abovementioned outer cylindrical casing through which the liquid to be filtered enters. • An interior collector pipe concentric to the outer casing with a lower outlet for the filtered liquid. • A removable hermetic lid placed in the upper base of the outer cylindrical casing. 2. Liquid filtering system according to claim 1 characterized by the pipe that penetrates tangentially on the lower based of the cylindrical casing continuing with a flow adaptation piece that makes the gradual change from the pipe section to a rectangular section that produces circular paths, for which reason the heavy particles descend and approach the periphery, by acting on them the forces of gravity and centrifuge. 3. Liquid filtering system according to claims 1 and 2 characterized by the interior collector pipe concentric to the outer casing being perforated and welded to the lower lid, passing through it to serve as the final outlet element of the filtered liquid. 4. Liquid filtering system according to claims 1 to 3 characterized by the placement in lower area of a trap to collect the heave particles that remain stored in a lower impurities chamber that contains one-way hatches operated by a spring. 5. Liquid filtering system according to claims 1 to 4 characterized by the placement in the upper part of the outer cylindrical casing of a removable watertight lid in which are affixed one or several suction ball mechanisms to facilitate the inlet and outlet of air in the filling and emptying of the filter. 6. Liquid filtering system according to claims 1 to 5 characterized by the removable watertight lid having concentric circular notches for fastening the filtering elements. 7. Liquid filtering system according to claims 1 to 6 characterized by the fastening of a cylindrical mesh panel on the concentric circular notch with the largest diameter. 8. Liquid filtering system according to claims 1 to 7 characterized by centring a spring on the notch with the smallest diameter, which produces the compression of a package of slotted rings placed concentric to the interior collector pipe. 9. Liquid filtering system according to claims 1 to 8 characterized by an omega-shaped piece that guides the spring and adapts to the upper part of the interior collector pipe concentric to the outer casing, leaving between both parts a chamber of variable volume connected to the lower part of the interior collector pipe by a pipe with a small diameter. 10. Liquid filtering system according to claims 1 to 9 characterized by housing floating brushes among the filtering elements that move up and down with the level of the liquid in the filter and scrape the filtering surfaces, thus pulling away the dirt. 11. Cleaning procedure of the liquid filtering system described in claims 1 to 10 that is comprised by a gravity stage and a second stage of cleaning by reverse flow. 12. Cleaning procedure of the liquid filtering system according to claims 1 to 11 characterized by the gravity stage including the following sub-stages: • The valve located on the entrance of the tangential pipe to the lower base of the cylindrical casing and the two-way valve located at the outlet of the interior collector pipe are closed. • The valve located in the outlet of the lower impurities chamber is opened. • The impurities descend by gravity through the one-way hatches, pulled by the liquid, discharged from the filter. 13. Cleaning procedure of the liquid filtering system according to claims 1 to 11 characterized by the cleaning stage by reverse flow comprised of the following sub-stages: • The two-way valve located at the outlet of the interior collector pipe is opened. • The pipe with a small diameter that connects the chamber of variable volume to the lower part of the interior collector pipe provides water to this variable chamber at the maximum pressure so that the action of the spring gives way and releases the ring package. • The water shooting from the holes in the interior collector pipe produces in the rings a spinning movement with multiple movements to release the particles retained in their slots. • The reverse flow pulls the impurities passing through the one-way hatches to the lower impurities chamber and together with the dense solids trapped in the gravity stage, they pass to the exterior.

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