[0001] The present invention relates to OR2AT4 receptor agonist aptamers and uses thereof. The present invention relates to a nucleic acid aptamer or a fragment thereof capable of binding specifically to the OR2AT4 receptor and activating said OR2AT4 receptor, comprising a nucleotide sequence with a sequence identity of at least 80% with the sequence SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 4, or SEQ ID NO: 8.
1. A nucleic acid aptamer or a fragment thereof capable of binding specifically to the OR2AT4 receptor and activating said OR2AT4 receptor, wherein said aptamer comprises a nucleotide sequence with a sequence identity of at least 80% with SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 4, or SEQ ID NO: 8. 2. The aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1, wherein the nucleotide sequence comprises the sequence SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 4, or SEQ ID NO: 8. 3. A complex comprising an aptamer or fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2 and a functional group, preferably wherein the functional group is selected from the list consisting of a detectable reagent, a drug, and a nanoparticle. 4. A combination comprising: i) the aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, or the complex according to claim 3; and ii) a compound of formula (I): <img class="EMIRef" id="ff94fff6-ceda-4c76-97fd-a8af36addce1-ib0005" /> wherein R1 of formula (I) is a hydrogen or a methyl group. 5. A composition comprising the aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, and/or the combination according to claim 4, wherein said composition is a pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition. 6. In vitro use of the aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, or the complex according to claim 3, for detecting the OR2AT4 receptor. 7. In vitro use of the aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, or the combination according to claim 4, for activating the OR2AT4 receptor. 8. An in vitro method for the detection of the OR2AT4 receptor in a biological sample isolated from a subject, wherein said method comprises the following steps: a) contacting the isolated biological sample with the aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, or with the complex according to claim 3, b) separating the aptamer or complex not bound to the OR2AT4 receptor, and c) detecting the presence of the aptamer or complex bound to the OR2AT4 receptor present in the isolated biological sample. 9. An in vitro method for activating the OR2AT4 receptor in a biological sample isolated from a subject, which comprises contacting said sample comprising the OR2AT4 receptor with the aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, and/or the combination according to claim 4. 10. The aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, the combination according to claim 4, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, for use as a medicament. 11. The aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, the combination according to claim 4, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, for use in the treatment and/or prevention of diseases caused by a decrease in the expression of the OR2AT4 receptor and/or by a decrease in the activation of the OR2AT4 receptor and/or by the absence of the natural ligand of the OR2AT4 receptor, and/or a low amount of the natural ligand of the OR2AT4 receptor with respect to the amount of natural ligand in a subject in normal health conditions or a healthy subject. 12. The aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, the combination according to claim 4, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, for use in the treatment and/or prevention of cancer in a subject. 13. The aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, the combination according to claim 4, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, for use in the treatment and/or prevention of hair loss in a subject and/or in the promotion of hair growth. 14. The aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, the combination according to claim 4, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, for use in the treatment of wounds. 15. The aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, the combination according to claim 4, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, for use in the treatment of skin dysbiosis. 16. Non-therapeutic cosmetic use of the aptamer or a fragment thereof according to claim 1 or 2, the complex according to claim 3, the combination according to claim 4, or the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5.