The invention relates to products of general formula (I) and the use thereof for producing useful medicaments for treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or, more generally, any disease or pathology caused by the alteration of the biological functions on which said products act.
1. A compound of general formula (I) <img class="EMIRef" id="29337997-ib0007" /> wherein, R<1> represents a hydrogen atom or an aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, haloalkyl, aminoalkyl, ammoniumalkyl group and, in general, straight or branched alkyl groups, substituted for any chemical group with the express exclusion of alkyl groups substituted by aryl, such as a benzyl group. R<2>, R<3> are independently selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, carbamate, in which R<2> represents -O-aryl or-O-alkyl groups, straight or branched, unsubstituted or substituted for any chemical group, urea derivatives in which R<2> represents -NH-aryl or -NH-alkyl groups, straight or branched, unsubstituted or substituted by any chemical group, imides. In general, any chemical group capable of generating the molecule represented in the general formula (I). n is 1 or 2. C* represents the chiral carbon in amino acids, and may be the R enantiomer, the S enantiomer, or a mixture in any proportion of both enantiomers. G<1> represents O, N mono or disubstituted, CH<2>, S or, more generally, any group or chemical structure that can be used as a bond between the amino acid and R<4>. R<4> represents any chemical structure combining substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl groups. or an isomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and / or a solvate thereof.;2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R<1> is a C<2>-C<8> alkyl group, straight or branched.;3. A compound according to claim 2 wherein R<1> is a C<5>-C<7> straight alkyl group.;4. A compound according to claim 1 in which R<3> is a hydrogen atom or a C<1>-C<3> alkyl group.;5. A compound according to claim 1 in which G<1> is an amino group optionally substituted with one or two C<1>-C<3> alkyl groups.;6. A compound according to claim 1 where n is 2.;7. A compound according to claim 1 in which R<4> represents a piperidine-4-yl-ethyl group, optionally substituted.;8. A compound according to claim 7 wherein the piperidine-4-yl-ethyl group is substituted in its nitrogen atom with an arylalkyl group.;9. A compound according to claim 8 wherein the arylalkyl group is a benzyl group, optionally substituted with 1-3 groups selected from C<1>-C<3> alkyl, C<1>-C<3> alkoxy, cyano, nitro, and halogen atoms.;10. A compound according to claim 9 in which the arylalkyl group is a non-substituted benzyl group.;11. A compound according to claim 1, selected from the group consisting of:;• n-Hexyl 2-benzyloxycarbonylamino-4-[2-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-butyrate. • n-Hexyl 4-[2-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-tert butoxycarbonylamino-butyrate. • n-Hexyl 2-benzoylamino-4-[2-(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-butyrate. • n-Hexyl 2-[(benzo[b]tiofen-2-carbonyl)-amino]-4-[2-(1-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-butyrate. • n-Hexyl 4-[2-(1-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-[2-(6-chloro-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-acetylamino]-butyrate. • n-Hexyl 4-[2-(1-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-[(thieno[2,3-b]piridin-2-carbonyl)-amino]-butyrate. • n-Hexyl 4-[2-(1-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-[(thieno[2,3-b]thiophen-2-carbonyl)-amino]-butyrate. • n-Hexyl 4-[2-(1-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-[(thiophen-2-carbonyl)-amino]-butyrate. • n-Hexyl 4-[2-(1-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-[(4-bromo-thiophen-2-carbonyl)-amino]-butyrate.;12. A pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound of formula (I) according to any of claims 1 to 11, together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or vehicle.;13. A composition according to claim 12 which comprises one or more additional therapeutic agents.;14. Use of a compound of general formula (I);<img class="EMIRef" id="29337997-ib0008" /> wherein R<1>, R<2>, R<3>, R<4>, G<1> and n have the meanings defined in any of claims 1-11 or an isomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and / or a solvate thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention and / or treatment of disorders or diseases in which oxidative processes are implicated as the etiology of these disorders or diseases.;15. Use according to claim 14 wherein the conditions or diseases are those in which a deficit or dysfunction of cholinergic neurotransmission is involved.;16. Use according to claim 14 wherein the conditions or diseases are those in which the aggregation of amyloid peptide is involved in different degrees: oligomers, protofibrils, fibrils, fibrillar aggregates, amyloid plaques, etc.;17. Use according to any of claims 14-16 wherein the disorder or disease belongs to a group of ND.;18. Use according to claim 17 wherein the ND is AD, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease or any other characterized by neurodegenerative processes such as neuronal loss, failure of neurotransmission processes or appearance of amyloid peptide aggregates.;19. Procedures for obtaining a compound of general formula (I);<img class="EMIRef" id="29337997-ib0009" /> wherein,;R<1> represents a hydrogen atom or an aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, haloalkyl, aminoalkyl, ammoniumalkyl group and, in general, straight or branched alkyl groups, substituted for any chemical group with the express exclusion of alkyl groups substituted by aryl, such as a benzyl group. R<2>, R<3> are independently selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, carbamate, in which R<2> represents -O-aryl or-O-alkyl groups, straight or branched, unsubstituted or substituted for any chemical group, urea derivatives in which R<2> represents -NH-aryl or -NH-alkyl groups, straight or branched, unsubstituted or substituted by any chemical group, imides. In general, any chemical group capable of generating the molecule represented in the general formula (I). n is 1 or 2. C* represents the chiral carbon in amino acids, and may be the R enantiomer, the S enantiomer, or a mixture in any proportion of both enantiomers. G<1> represents O, N mono or disubstituted, CH<2>, S or, more generally, any group or chemical structure that can be used as a bond between the amino acid and R<4>. R<4> represents any chemical structure combining substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl groups. or an isomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and / or a solvate thereof, characterized by the following steps: a) Reaction of a product of formula (II) <img class="EMIRef" id="29337997-ib0010" /> wherein PG<1> is a protecting group of hydroxyl groups and PG<2> is a protecting group of amino groups, with an alcohol of formula R<1>-OH in an anhydrous solvent to obtain compounds of formula (III). <img class="EMIRef" id="29337997-ib0011" /> b) Deprotection of the hydroxyl group in the compounds of formula (III) by removing the protecting group of hydroxyl groups PG<2>, to give the compound of formula (IV) <img class="EMIRef" id="29337997-ib0012" /> c) Reaction of a compound of formula (IV) with a compound of formula H-G<1>-R<4> in the presence of a coupling agent to give compounds of formula (Ia). <img class="EMIRef" id="29337997-ib0013" /> Optionally, the hydrolysis of compound (Ia) in which R<2> is a tert-butyloxycarbonyl group by treatment with a strong acid and subsequent acylation of the resulting product by reaction with an acyl chloride of formula R<2>COCl or an anhydride of formula (R<2>CO)<2>O in an anhydrous non-polar solvent.