Reivindicaciones
CLAIMS 1. A synthetic monetite matrix (CaHPO<4>) characterised by having a crystal size of between 0.5 and 25 microns. 2. The synthetic monetite matrix according to claim 1 which is presented in the form of granules between 0.2 and 2 mm in diameter. 3. The synthetic monetite matrix according to claim 1 which is presented in the form of blocks. 4. The synthetic monetite matrix according to any of claims 1 to 3 with an induced porosity, between 0 and 20%. 5. The synthetic monetite matrix according to claims 1 to 4 with a total porosity between 35-60%. 6. The synthetic monetite matrix (CaHPO<4>) according to any claims 1 to 5. which is in the form of granules or blocks, and is characterised by having a crystal size of between 0.5 and 25 microns, and total porosity between 35 and 60%. 7. The synthetic monetite matrices according to any of claims 1 to 6 which incorporate at least one bioactive agent. 8. The synthetic monetite matrices according to claim 7 in which at least one of the bioactive agents is selected from hormones, polysaccharides, cells, proteins, peptides, growth factors, antibiotics, analgesics, antiinflamatories, antiinfectives, antigens, or any of their combinations thereof. 9. The synthetic monetite matrices according to claim 8 in which at least one of the bioactive agents is a blood-derived material, or a defined cell growth or differentiation inducing factor selected from platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bone morphogenic proteins (BMP), transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGF-β- 1 ), growth hormone (GH), insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF1 ), insulin like growth factor-2 (IGF2), or fibroblast growth factor (FGF), or any of their combinations thereof. 10. The synthetic monetite matrices according to claim 8 in which at least one of the bioactive agents is a protein selected from collagen, fibronectin, albumin, or chitosan, or any of their combinations thereof. 11. Procedure for obtaining synthetic monetite matrices according to any of claims 1 to 10 which incorporates the following steps: a. Synthesis of a brushite (CaHPO<4>^HbO) matrix by setting of a cement resulting from mixing an aqueous phase and a solid phase comprising basic calcium salt and an acid calcium salt b. Conversion of the brushite matrix obtained in step (a) into a monetite matrix. 12. The procedure according to claim 11 for obtaining synthetic monetite matrices according to any of claims 7 to 10 that also includes: c. The incorporation to the monetite obtained in step (b) of at least one bioactive agent. 13. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to 12 that also includes introducing a pore forming agent in the cement in step (a). 14. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to 13 which incorporates setting of the cement in a mould. 15. The procedure according to any of claims 10 to 14 which incorporates a change of shape of the brushite matrix obtained in step (a) or the monetite matrix obtained in steps (b) or (c) by abrasion, erosion, crushing or pulverisation. 16. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to15 in which the basic calcium salt is selected from alpha tricalcium phosphate, beta tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, tetracalcium phosphate, octacalcium phosphate, calcium oxide or any of their combinations thereof. 17. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to15 in which the acid calcium salt is selected from monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, and monocalcium phosphate anhydrous or combinations thereof. 18. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to 17 in which the conversion of brushite into monetite is carried out by heat treatment at temperatures between 80 y 300<0>C. 19. The procedure according to claim 18 in which the heat treatment is between 121 and 16O<0>C and between 20 minutes and 2 hours. 20. The procedure according to any of claims 13 to 19 in which the pore forming agent introduced in the cement is selected from the list calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, hydrogen peroxide, soluble inorganic salts, sugars, sugar alcohols, or aminoacids, or any of their combinations thereof. 21. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to 20 in which the solid phase includes additives that control the setting time of the cement selected from: sodium pyrophosphate, calcium pyrophosphate , potassium pyrophosphate, strontium chloride, strontium renalate, strontium phosphate, strontium pyrophosphate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, sodium phosphocitrate, potassium phosphocitrate, sodium sulphate, potasium sulphate, calcium sulphate, sodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate magnesium sulphate, sodium byphosphonates, potassium biphosfonates, chondroitin 4-sulphate, chondroitin 6-sulphate, glycolic acid, sodium glycolate, calcium glycolate, barium titanate, barium sulphate, barium fluoride or any of their combinations thereof. 22. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to 21 , in which the aqueous phase includes a solution at a concentration between 0.5 and 3.5 M of any of the following acids phosphoric, glycolic, tartaric, citric, succinic, malic, lactic, chlorhydric and/or sulphuric or any of their combinations thereof. 23. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to 21 , in which the aqueous phase includes an additive to control the rheology of the cement selected from: chondroitin 4-sulphate, chondroitin 6-sulphate, silica gel, silica gel incorporating chondroitin 4-sulphate, silica gel incorporating chondroitin 6-sulphate, strontium chloride, sodium pyrophosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, any pyrophosphate salt, collagen, chitosan, low molecular weight hyaluronic acid, hyaluronic acid, hyaluronates, dextrans, alginate, xantham gum, or methyl celluloses, or any of their combinations thereof. 24. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to 23 in which the aqueous phase incorporates an additive to control cement cohesion selected from chondroitin 4-sulphate, chondroitin 6-sulphate, or silica gel, or any of their combinations thereof. 25. The procedure according to any of claims 11 to 24 in which the acid pH of the resulting brushite or monetite matrices is neutralized by immersion or washing with water or aqueous buffers. 26. Bone regeneration matrices comprising synthetic monetite matrix according to any of claims 1 to 10, or produced by any procedures according to claims 11 to 25. 27. Bone regeneration matrices according to claim 26 for their use in therapy. 28. Bone regeneration matrices according to claim 27 for their use in traumatology surgery, maxillofacial surgery, periodontal surgery, orthognatic surgery, oral surgery, neurosurgery, palatine fissure surgery, dental treatments, osteoporotic bone, alveolar regeneration, bone fissures, bone fusions, or vertical and horizontal bone regeneration.
