Reivindicaciones

1. 52 CLAIMS 1. A device (1) for optoacoustic measurement of deposited heat in one or more target layers (21, 22) comprised in human or animal skin tissue, wherein the device (1) comprises: a. a radiation source (4) configured to emit pulsed electromagnetic radiation suitable for generating optoacoustic waves (70, 71); b. an ultrasonic detector (5) for detecting optoacoustic waves (70, 71) generated by the interaction of the emitted radiation with the one or more target layers (21 , 22) (2), the ultrasonic detector (5) comprising a transducer (51) with a sensing surface; and c. a processing unit (6) in communication with the radiation source (4) and the ultrasonic detector (5), and in communication with a memory; wherein the memory comprises instructions which, when executed by the processing unit (6), cause said processing unit (6) to filter noise in the detected optoacustic waves (70, 71) by applying a noise filtering algorithm based on the following mathematical transform: (M-l)/2 ^di ' P (d"n P di(d"n Wherein C<dl>are the coefficients of the components of the optoacoustic wave signal P(d„) expressed as a function of the distance to the detector d<n>, and the wave components of the signal are (p<dl>(dn) wherein (p<dl>(dn) can be expressed as: r -1 . if d<n>di (PdiCdn) ~ , -j= if —a<n>— di <img class="EMIRef" id="46de8606-a0cf-4807-a4e8-3cef175bdd03-imgf000056-0001" /> 0 otherwise wherein d<t>is the diameter of the wave emitter. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the coefficient calculation further comprises a window function <img class="EMIRef" id="46de8606-a0cf-4807-a4e8-3cef175bdd03-imgf000056-0002" /> <m>to limit the length of the signal filtered to a length I and shifted to a position m, according to the formula: (M-l)/2 Cdi ’ ^l,m ’ <Pdi(dn) <img class="EMIRef" id="46de8606-a0cf-4807-a4e8-3cef175bdd03-imgf000056-0003" /> 53 3. The device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the memory further comprises instructions which, when executed by the processing unit (6) cause said processing unit (6) to: i. determine the distance between the sensing surface of the transducer (51) and one or more of the target layers (21 , 22) from the relationship between the time of the radiation emission, the optoacoustic wave received as a function of time and the sound velocity; ii. optionally, if it is detected optoacoustic waves (70, 71) associated to more than one target layer (21, 22), determine an indication of the relative distance between two or more of said target layers (21 , 22) by analysing the time difference of said optoacoustic waves (70, 71); iii. determine the thickness of one or more target layers (21, 22), by analysing the detected optoacoustic waves (70, 71) associated to said target layers (21, 22); and iv. generate data and/or an image comprising information related to the deposited heat in the one or more target layers (21, 22), their distance to the sensing surface of the transducer (51) and/or their respective thickness. 4. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the one or more target layers (21, 22) comprise at least an ink layer (21) and/or a melanin layer (22). 5. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the device (1) or the radiation source (4) can also operate as a thermo-mechanical lysis system, or wherein the device (1) further comprises, or is in communication with, a thermo-mechanical lysis system, preferably wherein the device (1) is a tattoo removal device. 6. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the memory comprises further instructions which, when executed by the processing unit (6) cause said processing unit (6) to select a wavelength, a laser spot, and/or a laser output power that optimizes a ratio of deposited heat in a target layer (21) with respect to total deposited heat or with respect to total laser output power. 7. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, configured to be calibrated by measuring a reference optoacoustic wave from a reference element of a high light absorption coefficient material, preferably wherein the optoacoustic waves (70, 71) detected in step (b) are normalized or expressed in percentage compared with the reference wave, more preferably wherein the reference element is a reference layer. 8. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the memory comprises further instructions which, when executed by the processing unit (6) cause said processing unit (6) to:54 V. analyse the detected optoacoustic waves (70, 71) to determine the relative difference in deposited heat between any two of the ink layer (21), the melanincontaining layer and the reference element, or between the three of them; vi. generate data and/or an image comprising information related to the relative difference in deposited heat calculated in step (iii) 9. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the memory comprises further instructions which, when executed by the processing unit (6) cause said processing unit (6) to generate a heatmap (8) representing the amount of heat deposited in one or more target layers (21, 22). 10. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the memory comprises further instructions which, when executed by the processing unit (6) cause said processing unit (6) to select a wavelength that optimizes a ratio of deposited heat in an ink layer (21) with respect to deposited heat in a melanin layer (22), by analysing, for different wavelengths of the electromagnetic radiation pulses, the detected optoacoustic waves (70, 71) to extract the quantity of deposited heat for each wavelength at the ink layer (21) and at the melanin-containing layer (22), and comparing the ratios of deposited heat by the melanin-containing layer (22) and the ink layer (21). 11. The device (1) according to anyone of the previous claims, further comprising a removable piece (9) configured to be attached to the device, wherein the removable piece (9) comprises a heat-absorbing material (91) and/or a reference element, such that when the removable piece (9) is attached to the device (1) and the device (1) is applied on the surface (3) of the skin tissue for optoacoustic measurement, the heat-absorbing material (9) and/or the reference element rests on the skin of said biological material, preferably wherein the heat-absorbing material (9) is a black thread. 12. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, 13. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the memory comprises further instructions which, when executed by the processing unit (6) cause said processing unit (6) to calculate a probability estimate of the success of a thermomechanical lysis non-therapeutic procedure, based on the deposited heat in at least one of the target layers (21, 22), wherein said probability is preferably calculated for at least two wavelengths of the radiation source (4), and/or based on the comparison of the deposited heat in the ink layer (21) and the deposited heat in the melanin layer (22) and/or in the reference element.55 14. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the memory comprises further instructions which, when executed by the processing unit (6) cause said processing unit (6) to estimate granule size in the ink layer (21) and/or in the melanincontaining layer (22) from optoacoustic wave analysis, preferably before and after a thermo-mechanical lysis non-therapeutic procedure. 15. The device (1) according to any one of the previous claims, further comprising a further electromagnetic radiation source suitable to emit radiation having a wavelength that presents a higher absorption coefficient at the skin surface than the wavelength of the first radiation. 16. The device (1) according to claim 15, wherein the memory comprises further instructions which, when executed by the processing unit (6) cause said processing unit (6) to determine the position of the skin surface by means of analysing the optoacoustic waves associated with the further radiation source, and further comprising calculating the depth of the target layer by means of analysing the optoacoustic waves associated with the first radiation source using the position of the skin surface as reference. 17. Non-therapeutic use of a device (1) according to any one of the previous claims to predict the outcome of a thermo-mechanical lysis treatment and/or estimate skin damage or whitening associated with said thermo-mechanical lysis treatment, preferably wherein the thermo-mechanical lysis treatment is used for tattoo removal or for the removal of skin lentigines, melasma or other dark spots related to aging. 18. A non-therapeutic method for optoacoustic measurement of deposited heat in one or more target layers (21, 22) comprised in human or animal skin tissue, the method comprising: (I) irradiating the skin tissue with a first pulsed electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source (4); (II) detecting waves (70, 71) generated by the interaction of the radiation with the ink layer (21), the melanin-containing layer, and/or the reference element, wherein the detecting is made with an ultrasonic detector (5) comprising a transducer (51) with a sensing surface,; (III) applying a noise filtering algorithm based on the following mathematical transform: (M-l)/2 ^di ' P (d"n P di(d"nWherein C<dl>are the coefficients of the components of an the signal P(d„) expressed as a function of the distance to the detector d<n>, and the wave componennts of the signal are (p<dl>(dn) wherein (p<dl>(dn) can be expressed as: f -i . if d<n>di (PdiCdn) ~ < 1 . „ , _ , -j= if —a<n>— di <img class="EMIRef" id="46de8606-a0cf-4807-a4e8-3cef175bdd03-imgf000060-0001" /> 0 otherwise wherein d<L>is the diameter of the wave emitter. 19. The method according to claim 18, further comprising employing a window function w<m>in the coefficient calculation to limit the length of the signal filtered to a length I and shifted to a position m, according to the formula: (M-l)/2 Cdi ’ ^l,m ’ <Pdi(dn) <img class="EMIRef" id="46de8606-a0cf-4807-a4e8-3cef175bdd03-imgf000060-0002" /> 20. The method according to any one of claims 18 or 19, further comprising selecting a wavelength, a laser spot, and/or a laser output power that optimizes a ratio of deposited heat in a target layer (21) with respect to total deposited heat or with respect to total laser output power. 21. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, further comprising the following steps: (IV) analysing with a processing unit (6) the detected optoacoustic waves (70, 71) to determine a relative difference in absorbed power between any two of an ink layer (21), a melanin-containing layer (22) and a reference element; (V) preferably, displaying on a display data and/or an image comprising information related to the relative difference in absorbed power, preferably wherein said image is a heat map (8) representing the energy absorbed by any combination of the ink layer (21), the melanin-containing layer and the reference element. 22. The method according to any one of claims 18-21, further comprising: (VI) obtaining optoacoustic waves (70, 71) at two or more wavelengths; (VII) determining the most suitable laser wavelength from the two or more wavelengths for a thermo-mechanical lysis treatment based on the ratio of heat deposited in any at least two layers of the melanin-containing layer (22), the ink layer (21) and the reference element, and/or based solely on the deposited heat the ink layer (21).23. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, further comprising calculating a probability estimate of the success of a non-therapeutic thermo-mechanical lysis procedure, based on the relative deposited heat in the ink layer (21) and the melanincontaining layer (22), preferably the method further comprising displaying said probability estimate of the success of a laser treatment procedure and/or an image comprising visual information related to said probability estimate of the success of a laser treatment procedure. 24. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 21 , further comprising: (VIII) estimating granule size in the composition of the ink layer (21) and/or in the melanin-containing layer (22) before a thermo-mechanical lysis non-therapeutic procedure; (IX) estimating granule size in the composition of the ink layer (21) and/or in the melanin-containing layer (22) after a thermo-mechanical lysis non-therapeutic procedure; and (X) comparing the granule size estimated before and after the laser non-therapeutic procedure and determine based on said comparison if the procedure was successful. 25. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 24, further comprising irradiating the skin tissue with a second pulsed electromagnetic radiation, said second radiation having a wavelength that presents a higher absorption coefficient at the skin surface than the wavelength of the first radiation. 26. The method according to claim 25, further comprising determining the position of the skin surface by means of analysing the optoacoustic waves associated with the second radiation source, and further comprising calculating the depth of the target layer by means of analysing the optoacoustic waves associated with the first radiation source using the position of the skin surface as reference. 27. The device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, or method according to any one of claims 18-26, for non-therapeutic use in thermo-mechanical lysis treatment, preferably in the removal of ink or tattoos or in the cosmetic removal of melanin slabs.