Reivindicaciones
1. Bionanoparticle useful for the treatment of human diseases presenting alterations of telomerase activity characterised in that the bionanoparticle is made of poly lactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and in that it comprises at least one peptide GSE24.2 whose amino acid sequence presents a percentage of homology of at least 95% with respect to SEQ ID NO1. 2. Bionanoparticle according to claim 1 characterised in that the peptide GESE24.2 is SEQ ID NO1. 3. Bionanoparticle according to claims 1 and 2 characterised in that the peptide GESE24.2 is a fragment of SEQ ID NO1, preferably a fragment comprising at least one TRUB domain of dyskerin. 4. Bionanoparticle according to claim 3 characterised in that the peptide GESE24.2 belongs to the following group: SEQ ID NO2 and SEQ ID NO3. 5. Bionanoparticle according to any of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that it comprises polycations. 6. Bionanoparticle according to claim 5 characterised in that the polycation belongs to the following group: polyethylenimine (PEI), chitosan (CS) and dextran (DX). 7. Bionanoparticle according to claim 1 characterised in that it comprises chitosan (CS) and the peptide GSE24.2 whose sequence is SEQ ID NO1. 8. Bionanoparticle according to claim 1 characterised in that it comprises chitosan (CS) and the peptide GSE24.2 whose sequence is SEQ ID NO2 or SEQ ID NO3. 9. Method for producing the bionanoparticle according to any of claims 1 to 8 characterised in that it comprises the following stages: a) emulsification through agitation of an aqueous solution of the GSE24.2 peptide which also comprises a protective agent against the peptide's denaturalisation, with a PLGA solution in organic solvent, b) addition of the emulsion of a) to an aqueous solution containing a surfactant, c) agitation of the above solution to obtain the W/O/W emulsion, d) addition of the above mixture over an aqueous solution, e) agitation until evaporation of the organic solvent and formation of the bionanoparticles, f) recovery of the bionanoparticles resulting from the above solution, g) washing of the bionanoparticles until eliminating the remains of organic solvent and emulsifier, and h) addition of a cryoprotectant. 10. Method according to claim 9 characterised in that in the stage a) the weight of the peptide GSE 24.2 with respect to the weight of the PLGA is between 0.25% and 20%. 11. Method according to either of claims 9 or 10 characterised in that the peptide GSE 24.2 is selected from the following group: SEQ ID NO1, SEQ ID NO2 and SEQ ID NO3. 12. Method according to claims 9 to 11 characterised in that the peptide GSE 24.2 presents SEQ ID NO1. 13. Method according to any of claims 9 to 12 characterised in that in stage a) the protective agent belongs to the following group: polyethylene glycol (PEG), bovine serum albumin (BSA) or human serum albumin (HSA). 14. Method according to any of claims 9 to 13 characterised in that in stage a) the protective agent is PEG 400. 15. Method according to any of claims 9 to 14 characterised in that in stage a) the organic solvent belongs to the following group: dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, isopropyl formate or chloroform alone or combined. 16. Method according to any of claims 9 to 15 characterised in that in stage a) the weight of PLGA with respect to the volume of dichloromethane is between 2.5% and 10%. 17. Method according to any of claims 9 to 16 characterised in that in stage a) agitation is carried out through sonication, turbine agitators, or high pressure homogenisers. 18. Method according to any of claims 9 to 17 characterised in that in stage a) a first sonication is carried out of 15 to 60 seconds at a power of 50-100 W followed by a second sonication of 15-120 seconds at 50 ¨ 100W. 19. Method according to any of claims 9 to 18 characterised in that in stage b) the surfactant used is Tween 20, Tween 80, poloxamer, cetyl-trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB), sodium cholate or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). 20. Method according to any of claims 9 to 19 characterised in that in stage b) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is used in a concentration of between 0.2% and 10% (p/v). 21. Method according to any of claims 9 to 20 characterised in that in stage b) the ration of the phases PLGA solution: PVA solution varies between 1:5 and 1: 40. 22. Method according to any of claims 9 to 21 characterised in that in stage c) agitation can be carried out by means of a turbine agitator, high pressure homogenisers or sonication. 23. Method according to any of claims 9 to 22 characterised in that in stage c) sonication is carried out during a time of more than 20 seconds, preferably between 30 and 90 seconds, and more preferably during 60 seconds; and with a power of more than 50 W. 24. Method according to any of claims 9 to 23 characterised in that in stage d) only water is added. 25. Method according to any of claims 9 to 24 characterised in that in stage d) other organic solvents are added. 26. Method according to claim 25 characterised in that in stage d) isopropanol or polyvinyl alcohol are added. 27. Method according to any of claims 9 to 26 characterised in that in stage e) agitation can be magnetic or by means of a blade agitator. 28. Method according to any of claims 9 to 27 characterised in that in stage f) the bionanoparticles of the invention are isolated by means of general filtration or centrifugation. 29. Method according to claim 28 characterised in that centrifuging takes place at less than 25,000 g. 30. Method according to any of claims 9 to 29 characterised in that in stage g) the particles are washed in distilled water. 31. Method according to any of claims 9 to 30 characterised in that in stage h) cryoprotectants are used belonging to the following group of sugars: trehalose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, lactose, sorbitol, Aerosil, maltose, PVP (poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)), fructose, dextran, glycerol, PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), glycine, HP.beta.CD (hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin) or gelatine. 32. Method according to claim 31 characterised in that in stage h) trehalose is used as the cryoprotectant, in a percentage of between 2.5 ¨ 10%. 33. Method according to any of claims 9 to 32 characterised in that a polycation is incorporated. 34. Method according to claim 33 characterised in that the polycation belongs to the following group: polyethylenimine (PEI), chitosan (CS) and dextran (DX). 35. Method according to claim 34 characterised in that the polycation CS or the polycation DX are dissolved in the aqueous solution of PVA in stage d). 36. Method according to claim 34 characterised in that the polycation PEI is dissolved in dichloromethane together with the PLGA in stage a). 37. Use of the bionanoparticle according to any of claims 1 to 8 for the preparation of a pharmaceutical, cosmetic or biotechnological composition. 38. Pharmaceutical composition useful for the treatment of diseases such as dyskeratosis congenita, Werner syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, aplastic anaemia, hereinafter the pharmaceutical composition of the invention characterised in that it comprises as the active ingredient at least the bionanoparticle according to any of claims 1 to 8, in a pharmaceutically effective quantity together with, optionally, one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and/or adjuvants. 39. Pharmaceutical composition useful for the treatment of diseases presenting ageing characteristics such as Werner syndrome, Rothmund Thompson syndrome, and other diseases where there is damage to DNA such as ataxia telangiectasia, characterised in that it comprises as the active ingredient at least the bionanoparticle according to any of claims 1 to 8, in a pharmaceutically effective quantity, together with, optionally, one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and/or adjuvants. 40. Cosmetic composition useful for the treatment of human skin characterised in that it comprises as the active ingredient at least the bionanoparticle of the invention according to any of claims 1 to 8 in an effective quantity, together with, optionally, one or more cosmetically acceptable carriers and/or adjuvants. 41. Biotechnological composition useful as a reagent for maintaining mammal cells in culture characterised in that it comprises as the reagent at least the bionanoparticle according to any of claims 1 to 8 in an effective quantity, together with, optionally, one or more acceptable reagents and/or adjuvants. 42. Use of the bionanoparticle according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or of the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 38 and 39 in a method of treatment or prophylaxis of a mammal, preferably a human being, affected by a disease associated with deficient telomerase activity belonging to the following group: dyskeratosis congenita, Werner syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and aplastic anaemia, involving the administration of said bionanoparticle or pharmaceutical composition in an adequate dose which makes it possible to reduce or eliminate said disease. 43. Use of the bionanoparticle according to claim 42 characterised in that the disease is dyskeratosis congenita. 44. Use of the bionanoparticle according to any of claims 1 to 8 or of the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 38 and 39 in a method of treatment or prophylaxis of a mammal, preferably a human being, affected by a disease presenting ageing characteristics such as Werner syndrome, Rothmund Thompson syndrome, and other diseases where there is damage to DNA such as ataxia telangiectasia. 45. Use according to any one of claims 42 to 45 characterised in that the bionanoparticle or the pharmaceutical composition comprises a second active ingredient.
