Reivindicaciones
1. A process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophores chelates characterized by comprising the following steps: a) Synthesis of at least one siderophore compound by means of a biochemical transformation executed by at least one microorganism, forming a biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound; b) Addition of an iron source to the biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound, forming an aqueous solution comprising iron siderophore chelates; c) Addition of a stabilizing agent to the aqueous solution comprising iron siderophore chelates, forming a mixture comprising iron siderophore chelates and a stabilizing agent, wherein the stabilizing agent is starch, for example cornstarch; d) Lyophilization of the mixture comprising iron siderophore chelates and a stabilizing agent, forming a lyophilized fertilizer composition comprising iron siderophore chelates and a stabilizing agent. 2. A process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates characterized by comprising the following steps: a) Synthesis of at least one siderophore compound by means of a biochemical transformation executed by at least one microorganism, forming a biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound; b) Addition of an iron source to the biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound, forming an aqueous solution comprising iron siderophore chelates; c) Lyophilization of the aqueous solution comprising iron siderophore chelates, forming a lyophilized fertilizer composition comprising iron siderophore chelates; d) Addition of a stabilizing agent to the lyophilized fertilizer composition comprising iron siderophore chelates, forming a lyophilized fertilizer composition comprising iron siderophore chelates and a stabilizing agent, wherein the stabilizing agent is starch, for example cornstarch. 3. A process for obtaining a lyophilized composition including siderophores characterized by comprising the following steps: a) Synthesis of at least one siderophore compound by means of a biochemical transformation executed by at least one microorganism, forming a biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound; b) Addition of a stabilizing agent to the biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound, forming a mixture comprising siderophores and a stabilizing agent, wherein the stabilizing agent is starch, for example cornstarch; c) Lyophilization of the mixture comprising siderophores and a stabilizing agent, forming a lyophilized composition comprising siderophores and a stabilizing agent. 4. A process for obtaining a lyophilized composition including siderophores characterized by comprising the following steps: a) Synthesis of at least one siderophore compound by means of a biochemical transformation executed by at least one microorganism, forming a biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound; b) Lyophilization of the biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound, forming a lyophilized composition comprising siderophores; c) Addition of a stabilizing agent to the lyophilized composition comprising siderophores, forming a lyophilized composition comprising siderophores and a stabilizing agent, wherein the stabilizing agent is starch, for example cornstarch. 5. The process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that in the addition of an iron source to the biotransformed medium step comprising at least one siderophore compound, the pH adjustment is made in the range of from about 7 to about 9. 6. The process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates, according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 5, characterized by the fact that in the addition of an iron source to the biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound step, a separation of insoluble solids is made. 7. The process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates, according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5 and 6, characterized by the fact that in the iron source addition to the biotransformed medium comprising at least one siderophore compound step, the iron source is at least one iron salt. 8. The process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates, according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5 to 7, or the process for obtaining a lyophilized composition including siderophores, according to any one of claims 3 and 4, characterized by the fact that the synthesis step of at least one siderophore compound, by means of a biochemical transformation executed by at least one microorganism, comprises: a first propagation of the microorganisms in an iron enriched nutrient medium; and a second propagation of the microorganisms in an iron deficient nutrient medium. 9. The process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates, according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5 to 8, or the process for obtaining a lyophilized composition including siderophores, according to any one of claims 3, 4 and 8, characterized by the fact that the biotransformed medium, originating from the synthesis of at least one siderophore compound by means of a biochemical transformation executed by at least one microorganism, comprises the filtrate of the step of the second propagation of microorganisms in an iron deficient nutrient medium. 10. The process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates, according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5 to 9, or the process of obtaining a lyophilized composition including siderophores, according to any one of claims 3, 4, 8 and 9, characterized by the fact that the synthesis step of at least one siderophore compound by means of a biochemical transformation executed by at least one microorganism comprises a step of separation of the microorganisms after the synthesis of the siderophores. 11. The process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates, according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5 to 10, or the process of obtaining a lyophilized composition including siderophores, according to any one of claims 3, 4, 8 to 10, characterized by the fact that in the synthesis step of at least one siderophore compound by means of a biochemical transformation, the microorganism is selected from one or more of the genus Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Nocardia, Pantoea, Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Salinispora, Streptomyces and Vibrio. 12. A lyophilized fertilizer composition, characterized by comprising: iron siderophore chelates; and a stabilizing agent, wherein the stabilizing agent is starch, for example cornstarch. 13. The lyophilized fertilizer composition according to the previous claim, characterized by the fact that it is obtained from the process for obtaining a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates, as defined in any one of claims 1, 2 and 5 to 11. 14. A lyophilized composition, characterized by comprising: siderophores; and a stabilizing agent, wherein the stabilizing agent is starch, for example cornstarch. 15. The lyophilized composition, according to the previous claim, characterized by being obtained from the process for obtaining a lyophilized composition including siderophores as defined in any one of claims 3, 4, and 8 to 11. 16. A use of a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates for treating plants, characterized by the use of a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates, as defined in any one of claims 12 and 13. 17. A use of a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates for treating plants, characterized by the use of a lyophilized composition including siderophores, as defined in any one of claims 14 and 15, and by the addition of an iron source to the said lyophilized composition including siderophores. 18. The use of a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates for treating plants, according to claim 16, or the use of a lyophilized composition including siderophores for treating plants, according to claim 17, characterized by the fact that the plants are cultivated in conditions with low iron availability. 19. The use of a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates for treating plants, according to any one of claims 16 to 18, or the use of a lyophilized composition including siderophores for treating plants, according to any one of claims 17 and 18, characterized by the fact that the plants are cultivated by foliar nutrition or hydroponics, free or in a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises one or more of pine bark, vermiculite, coconut fiber, rice husks, peat, gravel, volcanic rock, perlite, expanded clay, and rock wool. 20. The use of a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates for treating plants, according to any one of claims 16 and 18, or the use of a lyophilized composition including siderophores for treating plants, according to any one of claims 17 and 18, characterized by the fact that the plants are cultivated in soil. 21. The use of a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates for treating plants or the use of a lyophilized composition including siderophores for treating plants, according to claim 20, characterized by the fact that the soil is calcareous. 22. The use of a lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates for treating plants, according to any one of claims 16 and 18 to 21, or the use of a lyophilized composition including siderophores for treating plants, according to any one of claims 17 and 18 to 21, characterized by the fact that the lyophilized fertilizer composition including iron siderophore chelates or the lyophilized composition including siderophores is rehydrated and the stabilizing agent is optionally separated prior to the use for treating plants.
