Reivindicaciones
1. A swollen laminar precursor, called PREITQ-18, presenting an X-ray diffractogram which comprises the values shown on Table 1. 2. An oxide material which has, in its calcinated form, an X-ray diffractogram which comprises the values shown on Table 2 and specific surface characteristics, measured by absorption-desorption of N<2>, summarized as: an external surface of at least 100 m<2>g<-1>, and preferably with more than 300 m<2>g<-1>, and which is called ITQ-18 3. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1 and 2, and which comprises the oxides XO<2> and Y<2>O<3>, wherein X represents a tetravalent element and Y represents a trivalent element, the atomic ratio between X and Y being at least 5. 4. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein X represents at least one tetravalent element, preferably silicon, germanium, tin, titanium and combinations thereof. 5. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, wherein Y represents at least one trivalent element selected from among aluminium, boron, iron, chromium, gallium and combinations thereof. 6. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1, 2, 3, 5 and 5, which can comprise in its structure tetravalent (Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, etc.), trivalent (Al, B, Fe, Cr, Ga, etc.), bivalent (Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, etc.) and pentavalent (V, etc.) elements. 7. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1 to 6, wherein X represents silicon and Y represents aluminium. 8. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1 to 7, wherein the atomic ratio of X to Y is greater than 5. 9. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1 to 8, wherein the atomic ratio of X to Y is greater than 10. 10. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1 to 9, wherein the atomic ratio of X to Y is greater than 30. 11. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1 to 10, wherein the atomic ratio of X to Y is greater than 40. 12. An oxide material, in accordance with claims 1 to 11, wherein the atomic ratio of X to Y is comprised in a range between 30 and 500. 13. Method of preparation of a material according to claims 1 and 2, and characterized in that organic molecules which have a proton-acceptor group and a hydrocarbon chain are intercalated between its laminae. This intercalation produces a separation of the laminae, which in a subsequent treatment is delaminated, dispersing the laminae. 14. A process for the preparation of an oxide material, as defined in claims 1 to 13, in which the precursor obtained is subjected to a swelling process producing a swollen laminar material, the X-ray diffraction values of which are given on Table 1. 15. A process, in accordance with claims 13 and 14, wherein the swollen laminar material is, at least partially, delaminated by using mechanical stirring, ultrasounds, spray-drying, lyophilization or a combination thereof. 16. A process, in accordance with claims 13, 14 and 15, which comprises an acid treatment following the delamination stage. 17. A process, in accordance with claims 13, 14, 15 and 16, which comprises a subsequent hydrothermal calcination stage. 18. A process, in accordance with claims 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, which also comprises a post-calcination in the presence of fluorine or a fluorine compound, or a treatment with a phosphorus compound. 19. An oxide material which is obtained by means of a process as is described in any of the claims from 13 to 18.
