Resumen
The invention describes a device (1) for characterizing the rough profile of a tissue sample comprising: a laser source (2) that illuminates the surface (100) of the tissue; a photodetector (3) that receives the backscattered light by the surface (100) of the tissue: and further a displacement means (4) configured to alternate between a first position where a rotating ground glass (5) is arranged within the path of the beam laser towards the surface (100), a second position where a rotating half-wave sheet (6) is arranged within the path of the laser beam towards the surface (100); and a third position where within the path of the laser beam towards the surface (100) none of the ground glass plate (5) or the half-wave sheet (6) is arranged, or the half-wave sheet is arranged (6) in a fixed non-rotating position. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
Reivindicaciones
1. Device (1) for characterizing the rough profile of a tissue sample, comprising: - a laser source (2) that illuminates the surface (100) of the tissue with a continuous wave laser beam; and - a photodetector (3) that receives the light scattered in reflection by the surface (100) of the tissue illuminated by the laser beam (2);characterized in that it further comprises - a displacement means (4) configured to alternate between: a first position wherein a rotating ground glass plate (5) is disposed within the path of the laser beam towards the surface (100); a second position wherein a rotating half wave blade (6) is disposed within the path of the laser beam towards the surface (100); and a third position wherein neither the ground glass plate (5) nor the half wave blade (6) are arranged within the path of the laser beam towards the surface (100), or the half wave blade (6) in a fixed non-rotating position. 2. The device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the displacement means (4) comprises: - a guide (41) arranged in front of the laser source (2) perpendicular to the emitted laser beam; - a frame (42) movable along the guide (41), the ground glass plate (5) and the half wave blade (6) being coupled to said frame (42); - a translation motor (43) that moves the frame (42) along the guide (41) to selectively place the ground glass plate (5), the half wave blade (6) in the path of the laser beam, or none of them; and - a rotation motor (44) coupled to the ground glass plate (5) and the half wave blade (6) to rotate respectively the ground glass plate (5) and the half wave blade (6) when they are in front of the laser source (2). 3. The device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the ground glass plate (5) is fixed to a first toothed wheel (51) and the half wave blade (6) is fixed to a second toothed wheel (61), and wherein the rotation motor (44) is coupled to said first and second toothed wheels (51, 61) to rotate them. 4. The device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising optical light conducting means (7, 8) that conduct the laser beam from the laser source (2) towards the surface (100) of the tissue and the light scattered in reflection by the surface (100) of the tissue towards the photodetector (3). 5. The device (1) according to claim 4, wherein the optical light conducting means (7) comprises mirrors, lenses and beam splitters. 6. The device (1) according to claim 4, wherein the optical light conducting means (8) comprise an optical fiber (87) housed in an endoscope. 7. The device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a processing means that receives the signal obtained by the photodetector (3) in response to the light reflected in received dispersion and calculates useful parameters for characterizing the rough profile of the surface. 8. The device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, which has a wavelength of less than 635 nm. 9. The device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, coupled to a microscope. 10. Procedure for determining the roughness frequency of a surface using the device (1) of any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - arranging the displacement means (4) so that the ground glass plate (5) is located within the path of the laser beam towards the surface (100) at the same time as it rotates; - emitting a laser beam which, after passing through the rotating ground glass plate (5), falls on the surface (100); - receiving the light scattered in reflection by the surface (100) during a complete rotation of the ground glass plate (5); - determining the roughness frequency (ρθ) from the received light intensity (I) and the angle of rotation (θ) of the ground glass plate (5) using the following formula: ρ θ − 1 ∼ − ln C roughness θ θ <img class="EMIRef" id="4f7f23bb-d246-4bac-85df-2171bca7a606-ib0013" /> wherein C roughness θ ≈ 〈 I θ = 0 ⋅ I θ 〉 〈 I θ = 0 2 〉 − 1 <img class="EMIRef" id="4f7f23bb-d246-4bac-85df-2171bca7a606-ib0014" /> 11. Procedure for determining the degree of depolarization of a surface using the device (1) of any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - arranging the displacement means (4) so that the half wave blade (6) is located within the path of the laser beam towards the surface (100) at the same time as it rotates; - emitting a laser beam which, after passing through the rotating half wave blade (6), falls on the surface (100); - receiving the light scattered in reflection by the surface (100) during a complete rotation of the half wave blade (6); - determining the degree of depolarization (δPθ-1) from the received light intensity (I) and the angle of rotation (θ) of the half wave blade (6) using the following formula: δ P θ − 1 ∼ − ln C polarization θ p θ p <img class="EMIRef" id="4f7f23bb-d246-4bac-85df-2171bca7a606-ib0015" /> wherein C polarization θ p ≈ 〈 I θ p = 0 ⋅ I θ p 〉 〈 I θ p = 0 2 〉 − 1 <img class="EMIRef" id="4f7f23bb-d246-4bac-85df-2171bca7a606-ib0016" /> 12. Procedure for determining the average speed of the dispersive components of a fabric using the device (1) of any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - arranging the displacement means (4) so that in the path of the laser beam towards the surface (100) there is none of the half wave blade (6) and the ground glass plate (5), or the half wave blade (6) is located in a fixed non-rotating position; - emitting a laser beam which falls on the surface (100); - receiving the light scattered in reflection by the surface (100) during a time interval; - determining the average speed of the dispersive components (v<dynamic>) of the surface (100) from the received light intensity (I) and time (t) using the following formula: 〈 v dynamic 〉 ∼ − ln C dynamic t t <img class="EMIRef" id="4f7f23bb-d246-4bac-85df-2171bca7a606-ib0017" /> wherein C dynamic t ≈ 〈 I 0 ⋅ I t 〉 〈 I 0 2 〉 − 1 <img class="EMIRef" id="4f7f23bb-d246-4bac-85df-2171bca7a606-ib0018" />
