The invention relates to a device comprising an AFM detection head (4) connected to a spectroscopy controller (9) linked to a data-obtaining card (10) installed in a computer (11) linked to a DSP processing block (12) connected to a DAC-ADC conversion block (13). The sample to be analysed (1) is mounted on an oscillating element (2) placed on a 3D positioning device (3) driven by a motor and connected to a position sensor (8) comprising sensors in three directions. An image controller (7) is connected to the card (10), the conversion block (13), the position sensor (8), the positioning device (3), the oscillating element (2), the detection head (4), and the spectroscopy controller (9), and an assembly box facilitates the connection. The detection head (4) is arranged in the upper part of an anti-vibration table.